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Definition: A permutation of length n is a bijection from Nn to Nn:
p is permutation of length n : <=> p: Nn ->bijective Nn.
Example: Take the sequence s = [a, b, c, d, e] and the permutation p=[1,0,4,3,2]. Then we have
p o s = [b, a, e, d, c].
Further results: see lecture notes.